This year has witnessed an explosive growth in the Bitcoin ecosystem. First came Ordinals, followed swiftly by the BRC-20 tokens that took the crypto industry by storm. In just two months, the market capitalization of BRC-20 reached a staggering 1 billion USD. BRC-20 allows for the minting and transfer of fungible tokens on the Bitcoin platform via the Ordinals protocol. However, Rodarmor believes that the problem with BRC-20 tokens lies in their use of "spam" Unused Transaction Outputs (UTXO) to flood Bitcoin. In an article on September 26th, he highlighted that BRC-20 tokens result in "adverse UTXO proliferation" and proposed Runes as a UTXO-based alternative. So, what improvements does this new protocol offer compared to BRC-20? Why did Ordinals founder Casey Rodarmor propose this new protocol? Will the introduction of this new protocol pose a threat to BRC-20? In this article, we'll provide a comprehensive breakdown of the "Runes" protocol.