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The Bitcoin bull market introduces new narratives and record-high prices. Beyond ETFs and halvings, the Bitcoin ecosystem revolution is rapidly progressing. Technological advancements expand Bitcoin's application scenarios, like the Ordinals protocol and the Rare Sats market. UTXO is the fundamental unit of Bitcoin transactions, with each UTXO being indivisible. Digital Matter Theory proposes a framework for deriving non-arbitrary value from Bitcoin blocks. DMT presents a new digital asset framework, opening new frontiers for blockchain. Bits are the underlying elements of the Bitcoin ecosystem, driven by the innovation and evolution of Bitcoin native asset issuance.

Ordinal theory is a new method of inscribing data onto the Bitcoin blockchain, endowing the smallest unit of Bitcoin, the satoshi (sat), with numismatic value, and allowing for the tracking, trading, and transferring of individual sats. It uses different representation methods to enumerate satoshis and describes their rarity based on their position in the blockchain. Inscriptions are a way of recording arbitrary data within a Bitcoin transaction, embedding data onto the Bitcoin blockchain through a two-step transaction process. It has the potential to impact the Bitcoin and cryptocurrency industry in the medium to long term but has also sparked divisions within the community. Inscriptions are also influencing the NFT space, as seen with protocols like Nervos' Omiga and Spore.

This article focuses on the origins and current status of the Bitmap protocol and the BRC-420 standard. The Ordinals protocol uses a numbering method for sats (the smallest unit of Bitcoin) to create inscriptions, which are metadata written onto sats, like text or images. Bitmap is an open-source standard similar to the Ordinals protocol, allowing users to own an entire Bitcoin block and inscribe onto it. Each inscribed block forms a part of the metaverse. BRC-420, established by Recursiverse (RCSV), is a Bitcoin chain asset management protocol based on the Ordinals and Bitmap protocols. While the Ordinals protocol supports inscriptions on individual sats, BRC-420 allows multiple inscriptions to recursively combine into a complex inscription. The BRC-420 format is fully open-source, enabling anyone to create their own "metaverse inscriptions."

Since its release, Runestone has attracted market attention, with a total trading volume exceeding 1400 bitcoins and an average price on the rise. Runestone is a Bitcoin script project associated with the Runes protocol, allowing data to be inscribed on the smallest unit of Bitcoin, the satoshi. The Runes protocol, proposed by BTC core developers, aims to reduce on-chain "footprints" and seamlessly integrate with the Bitcoin infrastructure. There may be more projects utilizing the Runes protocol in the future, with some projects already in the market awaiting the official release of the protocol. These projects will distribute runes through airdrops or exchanges once the official version of the protocol is launched. Runestone is the most watched project, with over a dozen projects airdropping to its holders. The Bitcoin halving and the introduction of new protocols may usher in a new round of rotation in the Bitcoin ecosystem, and everyone is also looking forward to whether the third wave of inscriptions can

This article zooms in on Catalyst’s approach to overcome the constraints of traditional bridges, and building a scalable solution for the liquidity requirements of today’s modular multi-chain ecosystem.

This article analyzes how Arweave has innovatively launched the AO system and discusses the significant potential of AO for the cloud service industry.

Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), along with Ethereum Classic (ETC) after Ethereum split from Ethereum in 2016, were identified as commodities by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in 2015 because there is no common enterprise guiding them and their rewards do not come from the efforts of others due to their decentralization.

This article provides an overview of Ethereum gas fees.

DePIN has been highly popular, from the concept proposed by Messari in the first quarter of 2023 to the soaring market of multiple DePIN projects in the fourth quarter of 2023, making DePIN one of the most anticipated tracks in 2024 and this new bull market cycle. However, this does not dispel the industry's doubts about new concepts, and Vitalik's scepticism is also the main background issue faced by practitioners entering the track.

This article analyzes compliant cryptocurrency products in and outside of the United States.

With the continuous development of blockchain research, although most blockchains still follow the traditional block + chain structure, some blockchains designed with first principles have also emerged. First-principle thinking starts from the most basic conditions, analyzes the components of concepts, and seeks the optimal path to achieve goals. In the field of blockchain, the first principle is considered a new accounting method, which starts from the most fundamental decentralized accounting method and has a unique data structure and consensus. For example, the two different blockchain designs of Sui and Arweave AO. Sui is an object-oriented data model centered on "faster accounting services", while Arweave AO is essentially a decentralized computing system, or a decentralized cloud service, which is the infrastructure for running accounting services.

The article discusses a new concept proposed by Paradigm called "gigagas," which is a new metric for measuring blockchain performance, referring to "Gas Per Second" (GPS). Paradigm believes that compared to the traditional transactions per second (TPS), GPS can more accurately reflect the network's processing capacity and efficiency. In order to achieve the goal of processing 1 gigagas per second, Paradigm has developed Reth, an Ethereum execution client, and improved performance through vertical and horizontal scaling. The article points out that while performance improvement is important, user experience and user growth are equally critical.

This article emphasizes that comprehensive design, testing, and implementation are essential to ensure the reliability and trustworthiness of DApps in the blockchain environment.

On February 28, 2023, Yuga Labs, the parent company of Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC), announced that it will launch a new BTC NFT collection called TwelveFold. This marks Yuga Labs' new attempt to bring NFTs to the Bitcoin blockchain, which introduces 300 limited edition NFTs on the Bitcoin network. Inscribing on satoshis is what the project is mainly about.

The MEV tax is a system that lets smart contracts automatically collect fees by analyzing transaction priority fees. In this setup, smart contracts take a percentage of the priority fees, which are paid by users to speed up their transaction confirmations on the network. This system can be used by any smart contract without needing special external tools, allowing developers to create custom fee models based on their application requirements. This adaptability ensures that various blockchain protocols and applications can optimize their strategies while staying compatible with other systems.