Author: Pavel Paramonov

Compiled: DeepTechFlow

How to research and understand everything in cryptocurrency?

Basically, we need two key steps:

• Analysis
• Comprehensive

Imagine you're playing with LEGO bricks, typically you'd assemble the bricks into a whole, but what we're doing is the opposite process.

1. One of the best ways to understand a topic when you want to is to break things down into smaller parts to understand the function of each part.

From a scientific perspective, analysis is a detailed examination of the elements of the research object.

For example, if you want to learn how re-staking works, especially related to @eigenlayer. By spending 10 minutes searching for EigenLayer's description on Google, you can list the main components of re-staking:

• 主动验证服务 (Actively Validated Services, AVS)
• Operator
• Staker
• Asset

Of course, you can also find other sections, but these are the main sections.

After dividing the structure into main parts, it is important to find the relationships between each part:

• AVS is a system that requires its own distributed validation semantics for validation.
• The operator is the entity that assists in running the AVS software.
• Stakers entrust their assets to operators.
• Assets include native ETH or LST ETH.

Through these four points, we can understand how each major part is connected to each other, so as to have a rough understanding of stake.

2. Always be skeptical and make everything seem unreasonable unless proven otherwise

It is very important to fully understand the topic you are studying by asking yourself questions.

• If each service can be locally configured, why do we need AVS?
• If the staker can decide which services they want to protect, why do we need operators?
• What will happen if a malicious actor wants to cheat?
• Why can even stakers deposit LST ETH? Are there not enough wrappers?
• How exactly are assets protected on the network?
• Why can't I deposit stablecoins, but only ETH?

The idea is to ask yourself as many questions as possible to clearly define the functionality and limitations of each part. This is also why new startups are created to address the problems of existing solutions.

That's why there are direct competitors instead of protocols built on top of @eigenlayer.

• @symbioticfi supports any mixed token as collateral for re-staking (not just ETH).
• @nektarnetwork provides more modularity for operators and AVS.
• @ExocoreNetwork allows for on-chain staking using a variety of tokens on multiple chains.

By asking yourself more specific questions related to the main parts of the product, you can not only better understand the product, but also find potential solutions to vulnerabilities and unresolved issues.

3. When you are confident in your analysis, it's time to rebuild the system from scratch using a comprehensive approach

You have asked yourself many questions and may have broken down the main parts into smaller ones.

For example, when you study how operators connect with AVS, you may learn:

• Punishment conditions
• Encryption of Economic Security
• EigenPod
• Quorum

Now you have an idea of how everything works. The next step is to rebuild it from scratch.

From a scientific perspective, 'integration' is to combine elements into a coherent whole, integrate all the knowledge you have learned, and attempt to reconstruct the content that you initially decomposed.

When I was a child, I often disassembled computer components to understand their characteristics and why they are important.

This has cultivated a very good learning skill: if you want to understand something, just break it down and then reassemble it.

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_Intern