Ethereum's scaling strategy has evolved from sharding and layer 2 protocols to a rollup-centric approach. The current roadmap proposes a division of labor between L1 and L2: L1 serves as a robust foundation layer, while L2 is responsible for ecosystem expansion. Recent achievements include EIP-4844 blobs increasing L1 data bandwidth, and multiple EVM rollups reaching stage 1. Future goals include achieving 100,000+ TPS, maintaining L1 decentralization, ensuring some L2s inherit Ethereum's core properties, and maximizing interoperability between L2s. Key research areas include data availability sampling, data compression, and cross-L2 interoperability.