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This article reevaluates attempts at relay incentives from first principles, aiming to identify a viable path forward for relayers without compromising decentralization.

For early-stage protocols, Express Relay offers an accelerated deployment solution, enabling new protocols to seamlessly connect to established top searcher networks to fulfill their liquidation needs. For searchers, Express Relay aggregates liquidation and other valuable transaction opportunities from multiple DeFi protocols in one place. Searchers can compete for all these opportunities without having to write custom code for each protocol's interface. By reducing integration costs, Express Relay allows searchers to operate more efficiently, resolving the issue of sourcing liquidators.

This article introduces the working mechanism of Express Relay and how it reduces MEV through off-chain order flow auctions, enhancing transaction efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It also discusses the rationale and potential success of Pyth Network expanding from its oracle services to MEV solutions.

MEV-Boost heavily relies on centralized participants like relays. Paradigm has proposed an alternative architecture that enables direct, privacy-preserving communication between builders and proposers. This is based on a novel, non-interactive form of "silent" threshold encryption, which can utilize the existing BLS keys of validators.

NKN is a blockchain-based network connectivity protocol aiming to improve internet connectivity and speed using a decentralized data relay system.

Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (ePBS) is a variation of PBS directly integrated into Ethereum’s consensus layer, addressing potential relay failures and eliminating single points of failure. It aims to create a more secure and decentralized platform.

MEV-Boost is a protocol designed to mitigate the negative impact of Maximum Extractable Value (MEV) in the Ethereum network. It involves three roles: relay, builder, and block producer. This case not only exposed the vulnerabilities of the Ethereum system but also heightened concerns about the security and fairness of blockchain technology, prompting the cryptocurrency community to consider strengthening safeguards.

Polkadot is currently a remarkable project in the blockchain field. With the gradual advancement of the Ethereum upgrade, Polkadot's performance and architectural advantages have suffered a lot, but it remains one of the most powerful competitors in terms of public chain infrastructure. If Bitcoin represents blockchain 1.0 which has opened up the crypto world, and Ethereum represents blockchain 2.0 which has promoted technology applications. In that case, when it comes to blockchain 3.0, it is surely represented by the popular cross-chain project - Polkadot (DOT). Polkadot neither loads smart contracts nor runs blockchain programs, but tries to establish an intermediate chain (Relay Chain) that can connect to other public chains and allows them to achieve reliable Interchain Message Passing (ICMP). The "Father of Polkadot'' Gavin Wood intended to use Polkadot to realize the interconnection between different public chains, thereby making it the Internet of blockchains. ## Polkadot’s team The major organizati

This article explores the economic value and role of cross-chain bridges in blockchain ecosystems. Likened to internet routers, these bridges efficiently route capital between different blockchain networks, optimizing transaction efficiency. They generate economic value through transaction fees, relay fees, and liquidity provider returns. Unlike traditional routers, cross-chain bridges have a unique profit model reflecting blockchain technology's nature. As the market matures, these bridges increasingly influence cross-chain capital transfers.

Gelato has been a leader in smart contract automation services for years, offering various Web3 developer tools like Relay and VRF. Last year, they announced a business shift and introduced a new RaaS platform.

This article explores the hierarchy and changes within the Ethereum supply chain, specifically focusing on miners and validators.

Kusama, described as "Polkadot's wild cousin", is a blockchain platform designed to provide a widely interoperable and extensible framework for developers.

A parachain auction, as it is also known, involves two types of crypto coins: Polkadot (DOT) and Kusama (KSM).

This article discusses the potential and applications of Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) technology in the blockchain domain, emphasizing ZKP's potential uses beyond Layer 2 scalability solutions. It mentions projects such as Polyhedra, Succinct, and RISC Zero, which are exploring large-scale applications of ZK technology and addressing challenges like developing universal technologies, building distributed proof systems, and optimizing computational consumption. The article specifically highlights Polyhedra's zkBridge cross-chain asset transfer scheme, and how ZK technology facilitates cross-chain communication and asset transfers, enhancing security and efficiency. It argues that the potential of ZK technology is far from fully realized and that its maturity in various vertical niches will significantly impact the industry in the future.

This article provides a thorough examination of lightweight nodes and the ZKP cross-chain bridge, Map.