Preface
Recently, “Faketoshi” Craig Wright, who had long claimed to be Satoshi Nakamoto, officially admitted to falsifying his identity. This revelation has reignited the community’s curiosity about the true identity of Bitcoin’s mysterious creator. In today’s cryptocurrency world, the biggest enigma isn’t how Bitcoin operates, but rather who its creator is.

The Emergence of Satoshi Nakamoto

On October 31, 2008, a person named Satoshi Nakamoto posted a white paper on a cryptography mailing list. This white paper fundamentally changed the history of currency. It detailed a decentralized digital currency system called Bitcoin, which relied on blockchain technology to solve the double-spending problem without needing any central authority or bank. The release of Bitcoin garnered worldwide attention and eventually led to the formation of a vast cryptocurrency market.

However, Satoshi Nakamoto is merely a pseudonym, and to this day, the true identity behind it remains a mystery. It’s uncertain whether Satoshi is an individual or a group.

Traces of Satoshi Nakamoto

• January 3, 2009: Satoshi Nakamoto launched an open-source project for the Bitcoin system, officially announcing Bitcoin’s birth.
• February 2009: Satoshi created the first online forum post dedicated to discussing cryptocurrencies on the P2P Foundation forum. In this post, Satoshi explained the primary reasons for creating Bitcoin. Satoshi wrote:
  • “I developed a new open-source P2P electronic cash system called Bitcoin. It’s completely decentralized, with no central server or trusted parties, because everything is based on cryptographic proof instead of trust.”
  • “Traditional currency institutions lend money in a wave of credit bubbles with almost no reserve. We have to trust them to keep our accounts safe from identity thieves and not compromise our privacy.”
    
    In Satoshi’s P2P Foundation forum profile, he claimed to be a Japanese man born on April 5, 1975. However, many keen observers have noted inconsistencies suggesting otherwise:
  • Satoshi’s posts and white paper were written in perfect English.
  • Stefan Thomas, a member of the Bitcoin forum, charted the timestamps of Satoshi’s over 500 posts, noting that Satoshi never posted anything between 2 PM and 8 PM Japan time.
• December 5, 2010: During the WikiLeaks U.S. diplomatic cables leak. The Bitcoin community urged WikiLeaks to accept Bitcoin donations to bypass the blockade. Satoshi opposed this, arguing that Bitcoin was not yet ready to handle such controversy.
• December 12, 2010: Satoshi made his final public post on the Bitcoin forum, stating: “There’s more work to do on DoS.” After that, he only communicated with a few Bitcoin core developers via email and ceased public communications.
• April 26, 2011: When asked by developers if he planned to rejoin the community, Satoshi replied: “I’ve moved on to other things. It’s in good hands with Gavin and everyone.” Subsequently, Satoshi’s email account was shut down.
• 2014: Newsweek claimed to have found the real Satoshi Nakamoto—Dorian Nakamoto. On March 6, Satoshi denied this claim in a forum post, and Dorian also stated that he was not the creator of Bitcoin.
  
• November 29, 2018: After years of silence, Satoshi’s account posted the word “Nour,” sparking heated discussions in the Bitcoin community. However, it remains unclear if this was due to a hack.

Satoshi Nakamoto “Candidates”

Over the years, countless individuals have attempted to uncover Satoshi Nakamoto’s true identity. Various candidates have been proposed, and some have even claimed to be Satoshi themselves. The list of candidates includes numerous cryptography experts and computer scientists who may have had the necessary knowledge and skills to create Bitcoin, but none have been able to definitively prove they are the legendary figure.

• Candidate 1: Craig Wright Craig Wright, an Australian computer scientist, is the only person who has publicly claimed to be Satoshi Nakamoto. He even applied for U.S. copyrights for the Bitcoin white paper and its early code. In an interesting twist, Wright sued British journalist Peter McCormack for defamation when McCormack publicly stated that Wright was not Satoshi. Wright won a symbolic £1 in damages. Recently, with his admission of false claims about being Satoshi, Wright is no longer considered a viable candidate.
  
• Candidate 2: Dorian Nakamoto In 2014, Newsweek reporter Leah Goodman claimed to have found Satoshi Nakamoto—a 65-year-old Japanese-American named Dorian Nakamoto, living in Los Angeles. Dorian, whose real name is Satoshi Nakamoto, changed his name in 1973 and has not used his original name since. However, Satoshi himself reappeared on the P2P Foundation forum to deny this claim, and Dorian also stated he had never heard of Bitcoin until his son mentioned it.
• Candidate 3: Nick Szabo A team led by Jack Grieve conducted a linguistic analysis of Satoshi’s hundreds of messages, identifying certain linguistic patterns. They found that Nick Szabo’s writings closely matched Satoshi’s language style, suggesting Szabo might be Satoshi. Szabo has extensive knowledge of the field and developed the concept of “bit gold,” a precursor to Bitcoin.
• Candidate 4: Hal Finney Hal Finney, a cryptographer with close ties to Satoshi, was the first person to receive a Bitcoin transaction from Satoshi. Finney also downloaded the Bitcoin software and provided valuable feedback to Satoshi. Although Finney never confirmed he was Satoshi, his involvement in the early days of Bitcoin strengthened speculation. Finney passed away in 2014, leaving behind unresolved questions and theories.

  Conclusion

  The true identity of Satoshi Nakamoto may forever remain one of the greatest mysteries in the blockchain industry. Satoshi’s commitment to decentralization might explain his disappearance, as he may have believed that Bitcoin could only achieve true decentralization without him.